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Sagot :
To determine which substances do not cancel when combining the two reactions with the second reaction reversed, follow these steps:
1. Identify the reactants and products for each reaction:
- Reaction 1:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- Reaction 2:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
2. Reverse Reaction 2 to get new reactants and products:
- Reverse Reaction 2:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
3. Combine the reactants and products from both reactions:
- Total reactants from Reaction 1 and reversed Reaction 2:
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Total products from Reaction 1 and reversed Reaction 2:
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
4. Identify and cancel out the substances that appear on both sides:
- Substances on both reactant and product sides cancel each other out.
- Reactants (before cancellation): [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products (before cancellation): [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
- Cancel out common substances:
- [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex] (appears in both reactants and products)
- [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex] (appears in both reactants and products)
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex] (appears twice in products, so cancels out once, leaving one [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex] in products)
5. List the substances that do not cancel:
- Remaining reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Remaining products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- Combine the remaining substances:
- Substances left after combining: [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
Therefore, the substances that do not cancel out are:
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
1. Identify the reactants and products for each reaction:
- Reaction 1:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- Reaction 2:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
2. Reverse Reaction 2 to get new reactants and products:
- Reverse Reaction 2:
- Reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
3. Combine the reactants and products from both reactions:
- Total reactants from Reaction 1 and reversed Reaction 2:
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Total products from Reaction 1 and reversed Reaction 2:
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
4. Identify and cancel out the substances that appear on both sides:
- Substances on both reactant and product sides cancel each other out.
- Reactants (before cancellation): [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Products (before cancellation): [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
- Cancel out common substances:
- [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex] (appears in both reactants and products)
- [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex] (appears in both reactants and products)
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex] (appears twice in products, so cancels out once, leaving one [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex] in products)
5. List the substances that do not cancel:
- Remaining reactants: [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- Remaining products: [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- Combine the remaining substances:
- Substances left after combining: [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex], [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
Therefore, the substances that do not cancel out are:
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{HCl} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{H}_2 \text{O} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{Mg} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{MgO} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{MgCl}_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( \text{O}_2 \)[/tex]
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