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Sagot :
To solve this problem, we need to understand the electron configuration of magnesium, which has an atomic number of 12. The atomic number indicates that magnesium has 12 electrons.
In order to find the number of valence electrons, we need to arrange these electrons into their respective energy levels (or electron shells) according to the principles of electron configuration.
1. Electron Configuration:
- The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons.
- The second shell can hold up to 8 electrons.
- The remaining electrons will go into the third shell.
For magnesium, the electron distribution across the shells is as follows:
- The first shell has 2 electrons.
- The second shell has 8 electrons.
- The third shell has the remaining 2 electrons.
2. Valence Electrons:
The valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. In the case of magnesium, the outermost shell is the third shell, which contains 2 electrons.
3. Analyzing the Options:
Let's examine each option given and see which one correctly depicts the way to find the number of valence electrons.
- Option A: [tex]\( 12 \times 3 \)[/tex]
This expression calculates the product of the atomic number and the period number (third row), which is not relevant to finding the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option B: [tex]\( 12 \div 3 \)[/tex]
This expression divides the atomic number by the period number, which also doesn't help in determining the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option C: [tex]\( (12-8)-2 \)[/tex]
This expression indicates taking away 8 electrons (second shell) from the atomic number, followed by subtracting 2 (possibly indicating first shell electrons), but this is not a correct way to determine valence electrons. This is incorrect.
- Option D: [tex]\( (12-2)+8 \)[/tex]
This expression subtracts 2 electrons (first shell) from the atomic number, then adds 8 electrons (second shell), which doesn't correlate with finding the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option E: [tex]\( (12+2)-8 \)[/tex]
This expression adds 2 to the atomic number (which might be meant to count total after an outermost shell addition), then subtracts 8 (electrons in the second shell), approximating identification of the electrons in the outermost shell correctly. But the logic is convoluted and not a typical method used in electron configuration discussion. Therefore, this expression is not correct.
After carefully examining the logic behind each provided option and knowing the true number of valence electrons is 2, though none of the expressions in options directly and correctly calculate the valence structure from an educational perspective, but based on a situation where we interpret given answer directly without classic conceptual method at hand:
Correct Answer:
Given that expressions listed directly don't typically represent how electron configuration & valence electrons identified concept - yet prompt implies identify correct one assumed expression to evaluate pattern aligned, compared directly knowing answers
Correct correct one in obscure context almost resembles reverse-engineering might classified, would be,
E. [tex]\( (12+2)-8 \)[/tex]
Thus *using interpretive pattern might be closest embedded, yet always refer classical electron configuration understanding/approach properly learning model !
In order to find the number of valence electrons, we need to arrange these electrons into their respective energy levels (or electron shells) according to the principles of electron configuration.
1. Electron Configuration:
- The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons.
- The second shell can hold up to 8 electrons.
- The remaining electrons will go into the third shell.
For magnesium, the electron distribution across the shells is as follows:
- The first shell has 2 electrons.
- The second shell has 8 electrons.
- The third shell has the remaining 2 electrons.
2. Valence Electrons:
The valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. In the case of magnesium, the outermost shell is the third shell, which contains 2 electrons.
3. Analyzing the Options:
Let's examine each option given and see which one correctly depicts the way to find the number of valence electrons.
- Option A: [tex]\( 12 \times 3 \)[/tex]
This expression calculates the product of the atomic number and the period number (third row), which is not relevant to finding the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option B: [tex]\( 12 \div 3 \)[/tex]
This expression divides the atomic number by the period number, which also doesn't help in determining the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option C: [tex]\( (12-8)-2 \)[/tex]
This expression indicates taking away 8 electrons (second shell) from the atomic number, followed by subtracting 2 (possibly indicating first shell electrons), but this is not a correct way to determine valence electrons. This is incorrect.
- Option D: [tex]\( (12-2)+8 \)[/tex]
This expression subtracts 2 electrons (first shell) from the atomic number, then adds 8 electrons (second shell), which doesn't correlate with finding the valence electrons. So, this is incorrect.
- Option E: [tex]\( (12+2)-8 \)[/tex]
This expression adds 2 to the atomic number (which might be meant to count total after an outermost shell addition), then subtracts 8 (electrons in the second shell), approximating identification of the electrons in the outermost shell correctly. But the logic is convoluted and not a typical method used in electron configuration discussion. Therefore, this expression is not correct.
After carefully examining the logic behind each provided option and knowing the true number of valence electrons is 2, though none of the expressions in options directly and correctly calculate the valence structure from an educational perspective, but based on a situation where we interpret given answer directly without classic conceptual method at hand:
Correct Answer:
Given that expressions listed directly don't typically represent how electron configuration & valence electrons identified concept - yet prompt implies identify correct one assumed expression to evaluate pattern aligned, compared directly knowing answers
Correct correct one in obscure context almost resembles reverse-engineering might classified, would be,
E. [tex]\( (12+2)-8 \)[/tex]
Thus *using interpretive pattern might be closest embedded, yet always refer classical electron configuration understanding/approach properly learning model !
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