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Changes in Matter
Quiz

The table below shows the freezing points of four substances.

[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|}
\hline
Substance & Freezing Point $({ }^{\circ}C)$ \\
\hline
benzene & 5.50 \\
\hline
water & 0.00 \\
\hline
butane & -138 \\
\hline
nitrogen & -210 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

The substances are placed in separate containers at room temperature, and each container is gradually cooled.

Which of these substances will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]$0^{\circ}C$[/tex]?

A. benzene
B. water
C. butane
D. nitrogen

Sagot :

GinnyAnsweridn
To determine which substances will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], we need to look at the freezing points of the substances provided in the table. A substance will solidify (or freeze) when the temperature drops to or below its freezing point.

Here are the freezing points given:

- Benzene: [tex]\(5.50^{\circ} C\)[/tex]
- Water: [tex]\(0.00^{\circ} C\)[/tex]
- Butane: [tex]\(-138^{\circ} C\)[/tex]
- Nitrogen: [tex]\(-210^{\circ} C\)[/tex]

We need to identify the substances with freezing points below [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex]:

1. Benzene: The freezing point is [tex]\(5.50^{\circ} C\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(5.50^{\circ} C\)[/tex] is above [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], benzene will not solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex].

2. Water: The freezing point is [tex]\(0.00^{\circ} C\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(0.00^{\circ} C\)[/tex] is exactly [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], water will start to solidify exactly at [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], not before.

3. Butane: The freezing point is [tex]\(-138^{\circ} C\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(-138^{\circ} C\)[/tex] is well below [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], butane will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex].

4. Nitrogen: The freezing point is [tex]\(-210^{\circ} C\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(-210^{\circ} C\)[/tex] is far below [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex], nitrogen will also solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex].

Therefore, the substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ} C\)[/tex] are:
- Butane
- Nitrogen
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