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Consider the given probability histogram of a binomial random variable.

Binomial Random Variable [tex](n=5, p=0.5)[/tex]

What are the center and shape of the distribution?

A. Center: 2, Shape: symmetric
B. Center: 2.5, Shape: symmetric
C. Center: 2.5, Shape: slightly skewed
D. Center: 3, Shape: uniform


Sagot :

To determine the center and shape of the distribution for a binomial random variable with parameters [tex]\( n = 5 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( p = 0.5 \)[/tex], we need to first understand a few key concepts about binomial distributions.

### Step 1: Understanding the Binomial Distribution
A binomial distribution is defined by two parameters:
- [tex]\( n \)[/tex]: the number of trials.
- [tex]\( p \)[/tex]: the probability of success on a single trial.

The binomial random variable [tex]\( X \)[/tex] counts the number of successes in [tex]\( n \)[/tex] independent trials with success probability [tex]\( p \)[/tex].

### Step 2: Calculating the Center (Mean) of the Distribution
The mean (or expected value) of a binomial distribution is given by the formula:
[tex]\[ \text{Mean} = \mu = n \times p \][/tex]

For [tex]\( n = 5 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( p = 0.5 \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ \mu = 5 \times 0.5 = 2.5 \][/tex]

Thus, the center of the distribution is 2.5.

### Step 3: Understanding the Shape of the Distribution
The shape of the binomial distribution depends largely on the value of [tex]\( p \)[/tex]:
- If [tex]\( p = 0.5 \)[/tex], the distribution is symmetric because the number of successes is just as likely to be more than the mean as it is to be less than the mean.
- If [tex]\( p \)[/tex] is not equal to 0.5, the distribution is typically skewed. If [tex]\( p \)[/tex] is closer to 0 or 1, the skewness is more pronounced.

With [tex]\( p = 0.5 \)[/tex] in our case, the distribution is symmetric because each outcome (success or failure) is equally likely.

### Conclusion
Based on the calculations and understanding of the binomial distribution with [tex]\( n = 5 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( p = 0.5 \)[/tex]:

- The center (mean) of the distribution is 2.5.
- The shape of the distribution is symmetric.

So, the correct answer is:

Center: 2.5, Shape: symmetric.
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