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Sagot :
Let us complete the missing information in the provided table systematically by annotating the necessary genotype and phenotype data based on classical Mendelian genetics.
### Understanding Blood Types and Genotypes:
1. Blood Type A: Can have genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^A\left|^A\)[/tex] or [tex]\(\left|A\left|i\)[/tex] (where [tex]\(\left|^A \)[/tex] represents the allele for type A and [tex]\(i\)[/tex] represents the recessive O allele).
2. Blood Type B: Can have genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^B\left|^B\)[/tex] or [tex]\(\left.\right|^B\left|i\)[/tex] (where [tex]\(\left|^B \)[/tex] represents the allele for type B).
3. Blood Type AB: Has genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^A\left|^B\)[/tex].
4. Blood Type O: Has genotype [tex]\(ii\)[/tex] (homozygous recessive).
### Completing the Table for Each Family:
#### Family 1
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group A (both parents are homozygous for A).
#### Family 2
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^B\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group AB (One parent has AB genotype).
- Genotype: [tex]\(ii\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group O (The other parent is homozygous recessive for blood type O).
#### Family 3
- Phenotype: Group O (since we have [tex]\(ii\)[/tex])
- Phenotype: Group O (since we have [tex]\(ii\)[/tex])
#### Family 4
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\right|^A i \times\left.\right|^B i\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group A (with heterozygous A, [tex]\( \left|^A i \)[/tex])
- Phenotype: Group B (with heterozygous B, [tex]\( \left|^B i \)[/tex])
#### Family 5
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left|^B\left|^B\left|\times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group B (homozygous B genotype for one parent).
- Phenotype: Group A (homozygous A genotype for the other parent).
With these determinations, we can now complete the missing columns of the table:
[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ Padres } \\ \hline familia & genotipo & fenotipo \\ \hline 1 & \(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\) & Grupo A \(\times\) Grupo A \\ \hline 2 & \(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^B \times ii\) & Grupo AB \(\times\) Grupo O \\ \hline 3 & \(ii \times ii\) & Grupo O \(\times\) Grupo O \\ \hline 4 & \(\left.\right|^A i \times\left.\right|^B i\) & Grupo A \(\times\) Grupo B \\ \hline 5 & \(\left.\right|^B\right|^B \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\) & Grupo B \(\times\) Grupo A \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]
### Understanding Blood Types and Genotypes:
1. Blood Type A: Can have genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^A\left|^A\)[/tex] or [tex]\(\left|A\left|i\)[/tex] (where [tex]\(\left|^A \)[/tex] represents the allele for type A and [tex]\(i\)[/tex] represents the recessive O allele).
2. Blood Type B: Can have genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^B\left|^B\)[/tex] or [tex]\(\left.\right|^B\left|i\)[/tex] (where [tex]\(\left|^B \)[/tex] represents the allele for type B).
3. Blood Type AB: Has genotype [tex]\(\left.\right|^A\left|^B\)[/tex].
4. Blood Type O: Has genotype [tex]\(ii\)[/tex] (homozygous recessive).
### Completing the Table for Each Family:
#### Family 1
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group A (both parents are homozygous for A).
#### Family 2
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^B\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group AB (One parent has AB genotype).
- Genotype: [tex]\(ii\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group O (The other parent is homozygous recessive for blood type O).
#### Family 3
- Phenotype: Group O (since we have [tex]\(ii\)[/tex])
- Phenotype: Group O (since we have [tex]\(ii\)[/tex])
#### Family 4
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left.\right|^A i \times\left.\right|^B i\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group A (with heterozygous A, [tex]\( \left|^A i \)[/tex])
- Phenotype: Group B (with heterozygous B, [tex]\( \left|^B i \)[/tex])
#### Family 5
- Genotype: [tex]\(\left|^B\left|^B\left|\times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\)[/tex]
- Phenotype: Group B (homozygous B genotype for one parent).
- Phenotype: Group A (homozygous A genotype for the other parent).
With these determinations, we can now complete the missing columns of the table:
[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ Padres } \\ \hline familia & genotipo & fenotipo \\ \hline 1 & \(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\) & Grupo A \(\times\) Grupo A \\ \hline 2 & \(\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^B \times ii\) & Grupo AB \(\times\) Grupo O \\ \hline 3 & \(ii \times ii\) & Grupo O \(\times\) Grupo O \\ \hline 4 & \(\left.\right|^A i \times\left.\right|^B i\) & Grupo A \(\times\) Grupo B \\ \hline 5 & \(\left.\right|^B\right|^B \times\left.\left.\right|^A\right|^A\) & Grupo B \(\times\) Grupo A \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]
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