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Biology Grade 10 First Semester Final Exam

25. The use of microorganisms to solve practical problems of humans is:

A. Biometry
B. Biotechnology
C. Biodiversity
D. Biochemistry

26. The final products of fermentation of sugar by yeast are:

A. Ethanol and oxygen
B. Methane
C. Ethanol and carbon dioxide
D. Methane and carbon dioxide

27. The transfer of genes from the DNA of one organism into the DNA of another organism is known as:

A. Genetic engineering
B. Tissue culture
C. Hybridization
D. Transplantation

28. The group of microorganisms that are used in the production of dairy products such as cheese and yoghurt are:

A. Fungi
B. Bacteria
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa

29. Which of the following alternatives shows the correct pairing of bases in a DNA molecule?

A. Adenine - Thymine
B. Cytosine - Thymine
C. Guanine - Thymine
D. Adenine - Guanine

30. Thread-like structures inside a nucleus that contain genetic material are called:

A. Genes
B. Alleles
C. Chromosomes
D. Nucleotides

31. If one imagines a DNA molecule as a step ladder, the cross bars of the ladder are made up of:

A. Sugar and phosphate
B. Bases
C. Sugar
D. Phosphate unit

32. Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

A. Deoxyribose sugar
B. Phosphate unit
C. Nitrogenous bases
D. Ribose sugar

33. What is the number of chromosomes in a human fertilized egg?

A. 23
B. 23 pairs
C. 23-46
D. 46 pairs

34. In which of the stages of mitosis do sister chromatids line up along the equatorial plane of the cell?

A. Prophase
B. Telophase
C. Anaphase
D. Metaphase

35. Which allele is expressed only when two alleles are present together?

A. Heterozygous
B. Hybrid
C. Recessive
D. Dominant

Sagot :

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Final answer:

The use of microorganisms in biotechnology, fermentation products, genetic engineering, DNA base pairing, chromosomal structure, nucleotide components, chromosome count, mitosis stage, and allele expression are essential concepts in Biology.


Explanation:

Use of Microorganisms in Practical Problems:

The use of microorganisms to solve practical problems is known as Biotechnology. This involves utilizing living systems and organisms to develop products and processes that benefit humans.

Fermentation Products:

During the fermentation of sugar by yeast, the final products are Ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Transfer of Genes:

The transfer of genes from one organism's DNA into another organism's DNA is called Genetic engineering.

Microorganisms in Dairy Production:

The group of microorganisms used in producing dairy products like cheese and yogurt are Bacteria.

DNA Base Pairing:

The correct pairing of bases in a DNA molecule includes Adenine - Thymine and Cytosine - Guanine.

Chromosomal Structure:

The thread-like structures inside a nucleus that contain genetic material are called Chromosomes.

Nucleotide Components:

A nucleotide consists of Sugar and phosphate, Bases, and Nitrogenous bases, excluding Ribose sugar.

Number of Chromosomes:

A human fertilized egg typically has 46 chromosomes.

Mitosis Stage:

In the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids line up along the equatorial plane of the cell, it is called Metaphase.

Allele Expression:

An allele expressed only when two alleles are present together is called Recessive.


Learn more about Microbial Genetics here:

https://brainly.com/question/29412755


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